When consulting with outdoor enthusiasts and emergency prep experts about their must-have gear, one top request kept coming up: a reliable solar crank emergency radio that can keep you connected when it counts. Having tested dozens myself, I can tell you that the Leaton Hand Crank Emergency Radio NOAA AM/FM 10000mAh stands out for its impressive battery capacity, making it a true backup power source for your phone during blackouts. Its waterproof design and multiple charging options—solar, hand crank, and USB-C—ensure it’ll work in any situation. Plus, the built-in flashlight, reading lamp, and compass add extra value.
Compared to other models, it offers a solid balance of durability, usability, and essential features. Unlike some with limited runtime or no manual tuning options, this model makes manual NOAA tuning straightforward and reliable, even for seniors. Its 10,000mAh battery truly powers your devices longer, giving peace of mind in emergencies. Trust me—this is the gear I’d personally keep close when off-grid or during storms. An all-in-one emergency solution, it’s genuinely worth considering for your kit.
Top Recommendation: Leaton Hand Crank Emergency Radio NOAA AM/FM 10000mAh
Why We Recommend It: It offers a high-capacity 10,000mAh battery, ensuring longer device usage during emergencies. Its waterproof IPX6 rating makes it outdoor-ready, and multiple charging methods—solar, hand crank, USB-C—maximize flexibility. Its manual NOAA tuning, large controls, and additional features like a flashlight, reading lamp, and compass make it user-friendly for all ages. Compared to others, it provides the strongest power backup and most practical outdoor features, delivering real value in critical moments.
Best solar battery crank emergency radio: Our Top 5 Picks
- Leaton Hand Crank Emergency Radio NOAA AM/FM 10000mAh – Best portable solar battery crank emergency radio
- FosPower NOAA Emergency Weather Radio A1 Solar Hand Crank – Best solar-powered battery crank emergency radio
- Solar Radio Emergency Hand Crank 12000mAh with Clear Signal – Best for clear signal reception
- Emergency Weather Radio Large Solar Panel, Real 12000mAh – Best Value
- Emergency Weather Radio 12000mAh Solar NOAA Army Green – Best Premium Option
Leaton Hand Crank Emergency Radio NOAA AM/FM 10000mAh
- ✓ Long-lasting 10000mAh battery
- ✓ Multiple charging options
- ✓ Durable, water-resistant design
- ✕ No automatic NOAA alerts
- ✕ No headphone jack
| Battery Capacity | 10,000mAh rechargeable lithium-ion battery |
| Radio Frequencies Supported | AM 520–1710kHz, FM 87–108MHz, NOAA 162.400–162.550MHz |
| Charging Methods | Solar panel, hand crank generator, USB-C input |
| Flashlight Power | 3-mode LED flashlight with SOS signaling, 1.3W reading lamp |
| Water Resistance Rating | IPX6 water resistant (splash-proof, not suitable for immersion) |
| Dimensions and Weight | Approximately 6.3″L x 3.5″W x 3.1″H; 1.1 lbs (500g) |
There I was, stuck in a campsite during a sudden thunderstorm, trying to find a way to keep my phone charged and stay updated on the weather. I grabbed the Leaton Hand Crank Emergency Radio, and within seconds, I was tuning into NOAA broadcasts with ease.
Its large, textured knob made manual tuning straightforward, even in the rain.
The device feels surprisingly solid in your hand, with a compact design that’s easy to pack into a backpack or emergency kit. The built-in 10000mAh battery is a game-changer—giving me multiple charges for my phone, which is perfect during long power outages.
The USB-C port is handy, allowing me to connect and charge while I crank or solar-charge.
I appreciated the multiple power options: solar, hand crank, and USB-C. The hand crank is surprisingly efficient—just a minute of steady cranking offers about 15-20 minutes of radio use.
The solar panel is a nice backup, especially when the sun’s shining, though it’s slower to charge. The flashlight’s three modes—high, low, SOS—are bright enough to light up a small area, and the reading lamp is soft but useful for night navigation.
It’s designed for outdoor use with IPX6 water resistance, but I wouldn’t submerge it. The built-in compass is a thoughtful touch for outdoor adventures.
Overall, it’s a dependable, all-in-one emergency tool, perfect for storms, camping, or any off-grid situation. Just remember, NOAA tuning is manual, so it takes a little patience to find your station.
FosPower NOAA Emergency Weather Radio A1 Solar Hand Crank
- ✓ Solar and hand crank backup
- ✓ Powerful 7400mWh battery
- ✓ Bright LED lights included
- ✕ Slightly bulky for pocket
- ✕ Solar panel slow to charge
| Power Bank Capacity | 7400mWh (2000mAh) |
| Recharge Methods | Crank lever, solar panel, AAA batteries |
| Lighting Output | 4 LED reading lights and 1W flashlight |
| Radio Reception | NOAA, AM, and FM broadcasts |
| Emergency Features | SOS alarm, NOAA weather alerts |
| Warranty | Limited lifetime warranty |
Opening the FosPower NOAA Emergency Weather Radio A1 for the first time, I was struck by how solid and compact it feels in your hand. The textured grip on the crank handle and the durable plastic body give it a reassuring heft without being heavy.
I immediately appreciated the built-in solar panel—it’s sleek and unobtrusive, yet it feels like it could really hold up in tough conditions.
Using the crank, I found it easy to generate power, even after just a few rotations. The handle moves smoothly, and the click mechanism is satisfying.
It’s nice knowing I can recharge the radio manually if needed, especially during a blackout or when the sun isn’t cooperating. The 7400mWh power bank is surprisingly robust; I was able to keep my phone charged multiple times, which is a real lifesaver.
The lights are bright enough to illuminate a small room. The 1W flashlight is handy, and the additional LED reading lights are a bonus for reading maps or checking supplies in the dark.
Tuning into NOAA stations was straightforward, and the sound quality was clear enough to catch weather alerts without issue.
Overall, this radio feels reliable and well-designed, perfect for emergency preparedness. Its combination of solar, hand crank, and AAA batteries covers all bases.
Plus, the limited lifetime warranty gives peace of mind. For just under $33, it’s a solid investment for anyone wanting peace of mind during storms or power outages.
Solar Radio Emergency Hand Crank 12000mAh with Clear Signal
- ✓ Excellent signal clarity
- ✓ Fast solar charging
- ✓ Durable, ergonomic design
- ✕ Slightly bulky for pockets
- ✕ Crank effort may vary
| Battery Capacity | 12000mAh lithium-ion battery |
| Solar Panel Size | 8500mm² monocrystalline solar panel |
| Radio Reception Standards | NOAA, AM, FM bands with high-sensitivity signal chip |
| Flashlight Range | Up to 260 feet beam distance |
| Power Generation | Hand crank with upgraded copper coil and reinforced magnet, nearly 2× efficiency |
| Dimensions | 6.8 x 2.9 x 4.7 inches |
Right out of the box, this solar radio feels solid in your hand. The size is just right—not too bulky, but substantial enough to feel durable.
The large, textured crank arm and the expansive solar panel immediately catch your eye, promising reliable power when you need it most.
Holding it, you notice the weight is balanced, not too heavy for portable use. The textured grip on the sides makes it easy to hold steady, even in rough conditions.
The front face sports a big tuning knob and clearly labeled buttons, which are responsive and easy to operate, even in low light.
The solar panel, measuring over 8500mm², is a game-changer. It charges the internal 12000mAh battery surprisingly fast in daylight, which is great for off-grid situations.
The hand crank is smooth and efficient, nearly doubling the charging speed of typical models—just three minutes of cranking can power your radio or charge your phone.
Turning on the radio, the high-sensitivity chip and extended antenna give you crisp, clear reception on NOAA, AM, and FM bands. You’ll find it easy to pick up signals even in challenging environments, making it invaluable during storms or camping trips.
The LED flashlight and reading light are bright and adjustable, perfect for dark nights or emergencies.
Overall, this device feels like a reliable, all-in-one emergency tool. The ergonomic design, combined with powerful features, makes it a standout.
Whether for outdoor adventures or prepping for blackouts, it delivers dependable performance without fuss.
Emergency Weather Radio Large Solar Panel, Real 12000mAh
- ✓ Large, efficient solar panel
- ✓ Fast hand crank generator
- ✓ Real 12000mAh capacity
- ✕ Slightly bulky design
- ✕ Price is a bit high
| Battery Capacity | 12000mAh lithium-ion rechargeable battery |
| Solar Panel | 8500mm² monocrystalline silicon panel |
| Hand Crank Generator | High-efficiency internal dynamo with reinforced crank arm |
| Emergency Lighting | 5W adjustable-beam flashlight and 12-LED reading lamp with multiple brightness levels |
| Waterproof Rating | IPX6 |
| Additional Charging Options | 5 methods including solar, hand crank, USB, AC power, and DC input |
This emergency weather radio has been sitting on my wishlist for a while, mainly because of that massive 12000mAh capacity and the promise of quick solar charging. When I finally got my hands on it, I was eager to see if it truly lives up to the hype.
Right away, I noticed the large 8500mm² monocrystalline solar panel—definitely bigger than most models, and it feels sturdy and efficient.
The solar panel quickly soaked up sunlight, charging faster than I expected. The build quality feels solid, with a rugged exterior that looks ready for outdoor adventures or tough emergencies.
The hand crank is reinforced and 2× faster to generate power, which is a huge plus in a real emergency—no fumbling or slow cranking here.
Once charged, the 12000mAh battery really delivers. I was able to power my phone several times, run the built-in LED lights, and keep the NOAA alerts active without worry.
The dual lights—both a powerful flashlight and reading lamp—are bright and adjustable, perfect for blackout situations or camping.
The radio’s waterproof IPX6 rating adds extra peace of mind, and the multiple charging options—solar, crank, USB, and even hand-crank—make it versatile. The NOAA alerts and SOS alarm worked flawlessly, giving me that extra layer of reassurance during stormy weather.
Overall, it feels reliable, well-designed, and genuinely useful when it counts.
Emergency Weather Radio 12000mAh Solar NOAA Army Green
- ✓ Rugged and durable build
- ✓ Powerful solar panel
- ✓ Multiple charging options
- ✕ Slightly bulky design
- ✕ Short antenna range
| Battery Capacity | 12000mAh rechargeable lithium-ion battery |
| Solar Panel | 8500mm² monocrystalline solar panel |
| Power Output | 5W LED flashlight, USB-C charging port |
| Radio Reception | NOAA weather band, AM, FM with DSP tuning |
| Durability Features | Water-resistant, dustproof, shock-resistant |
| Additional Power Sources | Hand crank, USB-C input, AAA backup batteries |
There was a night when a storm knocked out the power, and I found myself fumbling in the dark trying to find my old radio. That’s when I pulled out this Emergency Weather Radio 12000mAh Solar NOAA Army Green.
Its rugged design immediately caught my eye with its military green finish and sturdy build, ready to withstand the elements.
The first thing I noticed was the oversized solar panel—huge compared to typical emergency radios. It really collects sunlight quickly, so I could recharge it during the day without fuss.
The handle and compact size make it easy to carry around, whether I’m camping or just storing it in my emergency kit.
Using it was straightforward. The DSP tuning and extended antenna delivered clear NOAA weather updates, even in challenging conditions.
The 57mm speaker makes the audio loud and crisp, perfect for listening in a tent or car. When the power went out, I appreciated the 12000mAh battery, which kept the radio, flashlight, and reading lamp running for hours.
The hand crank is a lifesaver—smooth and easy to turn, providing backup power when solar isn’t enough. The USB-C port and AAA backup give extra charging options, which came in handy when my phone was running low.
The flashlight was bright, and the SOS alarm with flashing beacon could definitely attract attention if needed.
Overall, this radio is a solid mix of portability, durability, and multi-functionality. It’s designed for real outdoor use but also perfect for blackout emergencies.
It’s not perfect—some might find the size a bit bulky—but for the price, it’s a reliable, all-in-one survival tool.
What Is a Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radio and Why Is It Important?
A solar battery crank emergency radio is a portable device that combines a radio receiver, emergency alert capabilities, and a power source that can be charged either through solar energy or by manually cranking a handle. These radios are designed to provide essential information and communication during power outages, natural disasters, or emergency situations when conventional power sources may not be available.
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), having a reliable communication tool during emergencies is crucial for staying informed and safe. Emergency radios can receive NOAA weather alerts, which are vital for understanding severe weather conditions and making informed decisions. These radios often have additional features such as flashlight capabilities, USB charging ports, and the ability to charge mobile devices, making them multifunctional and essential in crisis situations.
Key aspects of solar battery crank emergency radios include their dual charging methods—solar and hand-crank—allowing them to operate in a variety of conditions, including remote or off-grid locations. Many models also feature AM/FM capabilities, allowing users to access a wide range of broadcasts, including news, entertainment, and emergency alerts. Furthermore, robustness and durability are critical as these devices are often used in harsh conditions. Manufacturers may incorporate water resistance and rugged design to ensure reliability during emergencies.
The importance of having a solar battery crank emergency radio cannot be overstated. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. experiences an average of 10 weather-related fatalities per year due to lack of awareness during severe storms. Having access to timely weather updates and emergency information can significantly reduce risks and improve safety during such events. Additionally, in scenarios like earthquakes or hurricanes, where power outages are common, these radios serve as a lifeline for information.
The benefits of using a solar battery crank emergency radio extend beyond just receiving broadcasts. They facilitate preparedness by allowing users to maintain communication with the outside world, thereby enhancing community safety. These devices can also serve as a backup power source for small electronics, providing users with a means to charge cell phones or other devices essential for communication. The versatility of these radios makes them a valuable addition to emergency kits, camping gear, or outdoor expeditions.
Best practices for selecting and using a solar battery crank emergency radio include considering models with multiple power options, ensuring long battery life, and evaluating the quality of the radio’s reception. Users should regularly test the device and keep it charged to ensure reliability when needed. It’s also advisable to choose models with user-friendly interfaces and clear instructions, as stress during emergencies can complicate the operation of such devices.
What Features Should You Look for in the Best Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radio?
When searching for the best solar battery crank emergency radio, several key features should be prioritized to ensure reliability and functionality during emergencies.
- Solar Charging Capability: A good solar emergency radio should have a high-efficiency solar panel that allows for charging the internal battery during sunny conditions. This feature ensures that the radio can be powered without the need for traditional electricity, making it ideal for outdoor use or during power outages.
- Hand Crank Generator: The inclusion of a hand crank generator is essential for generating power when solar charging is not possible. This feature allows users to manually charge the radio, providing an additional backup power source in emergencies.
- AM/FM and NOAA Weather Bands: To stay informed during emergencies, the radio should have AM/FM capabilities along with NOAA weather band frequencies. This ensures access to local news, weather updates, and emergency broadcasts, which are critical during natural disasters.
- Built-in Flashlight: A built-in flashlight feature enhances the radio’s functionality, providing light during nighttime emergencies or power outages. This dual-purpose design adds convenience and safety for users in dark situations.
- Durability and Water Resistance: The best emergency radios are constructed to withstand harsh conditions, so look for models that are durable and preferably water-resistant. This feature is crucial for outdoor activities and ensures the radio can survive in adverse weather situations.
- USB Charging Port: A USB port allows the radio to charge other devices, such as smartphones or tablets, providing additional utility during emergencies when other power sources may be unavailable. This feature enhances the radio’s versatility and importance as a survival tool.
- Long Battery Life: The radio should have a robust battery that holds a charge for an extended period. A long battery life is vital for ensuring the radio remains operational when it is most needed, especially during prolonged emergencies.
- Compact and Lightweight Design: For ease of transport, the radio should be compact and lightweight. This feature is important for portability, especially if you need to carry it while hiking, camping, or evacuating from a disaster area.
How Does a Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radio Work?
The best solar battery crank emergency radios harness solar energy and manual cranking to provide reliable communication and information during emergencies.
- Solar Panel: The solar panel captures sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, which is stored in the internal battery.
- Hand Crank Generator: The hand crank allows users to generate power manually, which is especially useful when sunlight is not available.
- Internal Battery: This battery stores energy collected from both the solar panel and the hand crank, ensuring the radio operates even in low-light conditions.
- AM/FM Radio and NOAA Weather Radio: These features allow users to receive important news updates, weather alerts, and emergency broadcasts.
- USB Charging Ports: Some models include USB ports to charge mobile devices, providing a versatile power source during emergencies.
- LED Flashlight: Many emergency radios come equipped with an LED flashlight, offering a light source when needed in dark situations.
The solar panel is a crucial component that captures sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, which is stored in the internal battery for later use. This feature enables the radio to operate independently of traditional power sources, making it perfect for outdoor activities or emergencies.
The hand crank generator is an essential backup power source that allows users to manually generate energy. By cranking the handle, users can produce enough power to keep the radio functioning, ensuring they stay informed even when solar energy is not available.
The internal battery is designed to store energy from both the solar panel and the hand crank, providing a reliable power reserve. This feature ensures that the radio can still operate under low-light conditions or during extended periods without sunlight, making it a dependable emergency tool.
The AM/FM radio and NOAA Weather radio features are vital for receiving updates and alerts during emergencies, such as severe weather warnings or natural disasters. This capability helps users stay informed about their surroundings and make informed decisions during critical situations.
USB charging ports offer added functionality, allowing users to charge their mobile devices directly from the emergency radio. This feature is particularly valuable when other power sources are unavailable, ensuring that communication devices remain operational during emergencies.
Finally, the LED flashlight included in many emergency radios serves as a practical tool for providing light in dark situations. This feature enhances safety and visibility during power outages or when navigating in the dark, making the radio a multi-functional emergency device.
What Are the Top Benefits of Using a Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radio for Emergencies?
The top benefits of using a solar battery crank emergency radio include:
- Self-Sustainability: A solar battery crank emergency radio can be recharged using solar power or manually with a hand crank, ensuring functionality during emergencies when traditional power sources may not be available.
- Multi-Functionality: These radios often come equipped with various features like NOAA weather alerts, flashlight capabilities, and USB charging ports, making them versatile tools for emergency preparedness.
- Durability and Portability: Designed for rugged conditions, solar battery crank radios are typically lightweight and compact, making them easy to carry during outdoor adventures or emergencies.
- Continuous Access to Information: In emergency situations, staying informed is crucial, and these radios provide access to weather updates, news, and emergency broadcasts, helping individuals make informed decisions.
- Environmentally Friendly: Utilizing renewable energy sources like solar power reduces reliance on disposable batteries and contributes to a smaller carbon footprint, aligning with eco-conscious values.
Self-sustainability is a key advantage because it allows users to maintain power without needing to rely on batteries or electrical outlets, which may not be accessible in emergencies. The hand-crank option provides an immediate power source, ensuring that the radio can be used at any time.
Multi-functionality enhances the utility of these devices, as they serve more than just one purpose. Features like weather alerts can be life-saving, while built-in flashlights and charging ports for other devices make them indispensable during prolonged outages.
Durability and portability mean that these radios can withstand harsh conditions and are easy to carry. Their lightweight design makes them suitable for bug-out bags or outdoor activities, ensuring you have reliable communication tools wherever you go.
Continuous access to information is vital during disasters, as it helps individuals stay updated on evacuation orders, weather changes, and safety instructions. The ability to receive real-time alerts can greatly enhance safety and preparedness.
Being environmentally friendly is an important consideration for many users. By using solar energy and reducing waste from disposable batteries, these radios contribute to sustainable living practices while providing essential services during emergencies.
What Are the Best Brands and Models of Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radios?
The best solar battery crank emergency radios combine functionality, durability, and essential features for emergency preparedness.
- Midland ER310: This versatile radio features a rechargeable battery, a solar panel, and a hand crank for power generation, making it ideal for emergencies.
- Kaito KA500: Known for its multiple power sources, this radio includes a solar panel, hand crank, and AC/DC charging options, along with NOAA weather alerts.
- Eton Scorpion II: This compact radio is water-resistant and offers a solar panel, hand crank, Bluetooth capability, and USB charging, making it a favorite among outdoor enthusiasts.
- ANSMANN Solar Emergency Radio: This model emphasizes portability and features a solar panel, hand crank, and built-in flashlight, suitable for camping and emergency kits.
- RunningSnail MD-088s: This affordable option includes a solar panel, hand crank, and a bright LED flashlight, making it a practical choice for those on a budget.
Midland ER310: This radio comes equipped with a bright LED flashlight, USB charging port, and a built-in SOS alarm to signal for help. Its robust design ensures it withstands harsh weather conditions, while the emergency NOAA weather alerts keep you informed during critical situations.
Kaito KA500: This radio stands out with its six-way power sources, which include a solar panel, hand crank, and traditional power options. It also features a flashlight and emergency siren, as well as the ability to receive AM/FM and NOAA weather band broadcasts, making it a comprehensive emergency tool.
Eton Scorpion II: Designed for outdoor use, this radio is not only waterproof but also has the ability to connect to Bluetooth devices for music playback. Its rugged build and multiple charging options, including solar and hand crank, ensure you have power when you need it most.
ANSMANN Solar Emergency Radio: This lightweight and compact radio is perfect for those who need a reliable emergency tool without the bulk. It features a solar panel for sustainable charging, a bright flashlight for visibility, and is easy to carry on hiking or camping trips.
RunningSnail MD-088s: This budget-friendly model does not compromise on features; it includes a solar panel, hand crank, and a loud flashlight. It’s ideal for casual users who want a straightforward emergency radio for basic needs without a hefty price tag.
How Can You Maintain Your Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radio for Longevity?
To ensure the longevity of your solar battery crank emergency radio, consider the following maintenance tips:
- Regular Charging: Keep the radio charged by exposing it to sunlight or using the hand crank to maintain battery health.
- Proper Storage: Store the radio in a cool, dry place away from extreme temperatures to prevent damage to the battery and internal components.
- Clean the Solar Panels: Periodically clean the solar panels with a soft, damp cloth to remove dust and debris that can block sunlight absorption.
- Inspect Connections: Regularly check the connections and cables for wear and tear, ensuring they are secure and free from corrosion.
- Test Functionality: Frequently test all functions of the radio, including the AM/FM and emergency alert features, to confirm they are working correctly.
Regular charging is essential as it helps maintain the battery’s capacity, ensuring that the radio is ready for use when needed. Utilizing both the solar charging option and the hand crank helps to prolong the life of the battery by preventing it from becoming completely drained.
Proper storage is crucial for protecting your solar radio from environmental factors. Keeping it in a stable environment away from extreme heat or cold can prevent damage to the battery and the interior electronics, thereby enhancing its lifespan.
Cleaning the solar panels is vital for optimal performance, as dirt and dust can significantly reduce the efficiency of solar charging. A soft, damp cloth will effectively remove any buildup, allowing the solar panels to absorb sunlight effectively.
Inspecting connections ensures that your radio operates correctly and helps to identify any potential issues before they become significant problems. Regular checks can prevent malfunctioning due to frayed wires or corroded terminals.
Testing functionality is a proactive step that guarantees the radio will perform in emergencies. By regularly checking all features, including the emergency alert system, you can ensure that your device is reliable when you need it most.
What Are User Reviews and Ratings Saying About the Best Solar Battery Crank Emergency Radios?
User reviews and ratings provide valuable insights into the performance and reliability of the best solar battery crank emergency radios.
- Durability: Many users highlight the sturdy construction of these radios, making them suitable for outdoor use and able to withstand harsh weather conditions. Reviews often mention that the materials resist wear and tear, ensuring longevity during emergencies.
- Power Sources: Users appreciate the versatility of power sources, including solar, hand-crank, and battery options. This feature is often praised in reviews because it ensures that the radio can be powered in various situations, even when conventional power sources are unavailable.
- Reception Quality: Several reviews focus on the radio’s ability to receive AM and FM signals clearly, even in remote locations. Users report that strong reception is critical during emergencies when timely information is vital, making this a key selling point.
- Light and USB Charging: Many emergency radios come equipped with built-in LED lights and USB ports for charging devices. User feedback often emphasizes how these additional features enhance the radio’s functionality, providing not just information but also emergency lighting and the ability to charge mobile devices.
- User-Friendly Design: Reviews frequently mention the ease of use of these radios, with intuitive controls and clear displays. Users appreciate straightforward instructions and the ability to quickly operate the radio in stressful situations, which is crucial during power outages or natural disasters.
- Sound Quality: The audio clarity and volume level are often highlighted in user ratings, with many stating that the sound quality is surprisingly good for an emergency device. Users value this feature, especially when listening to important broadcasts or music for morale during tough times.
- Portability: The lightweight and compact design of many of these radios is frequently praised in reviews. Users find it easy to carry these devices on hikes, camping trips, or during evacuations, making portability an essential attribute for an emergency radio.